Estimates of Capital Flight and Its Behavior

Authors

Keywords:

capital flight, balance of payments, Latin America, capital outflows, developing countries, Lorenz curve

Abstract

This paper presents estimates of capital flight using eight alternative methodologies, with a focus on Latin America. While these methodologies differ in approach, I show that the identities used in balance-of-payments data make most close in their final measurement. I document that capital flight is not an exclusively Latin American phenomenon, but is much wider spread than commonly thought. Compared to countries' exports, capital flight is evenly distributed, and the capital flight-exports Lorenz-curve is close to the 45-degree line. There also appear to be important common factors driving capital flight as there is considerable comovement across countries in certain years.

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References

Chang, P. H. K., & Cumby, R. E. (1991). Capital flight in Sub-Saharan African countries. In I. Husain & J. Underwood (Eds.), African external finance in the 1990s (pp. 162–184). World Bank.

Chang, P. H. K., Claessens, S., & Cumby, R. E. (1993). Conceptual and methodological issues in the measurement of capital flight [Mimeo]. New York University y The World Bank.

Claessens, S., & Naudé, D. (1993). Recent estimates of capital flight (Policy and Research Working Paper N.º 1168). The World Bank.

Cline, W. (1987). Discussion on Chapter 3. In D. R. Lessard & J. Williamson (Eds.), Capital flight and Third World debt. Institute for International Economics.

Cuddington, J. T. (1986). Capital flight: Estimates, issues, and explanations (Studies in International Finance N.º 58). Princeton University, Department of Economics.

Cumby, R. E., & Levich, R. M. (1987). On the definition and magnitude of recent capital flight. In D. R. Lessard & J. Williamson (Eds.), Capital flight and Third World debt (pp. 27–67). Institute for International Economics.

Diwan, I. (1989). Foreign debt, crowding out and capital flight. Journal of International Money and Finance, 8(1), 121–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(89)90018-1

Dooley, M. P., Helkie, W., Tryon, R., & Underwood, J. (1986). An analysis of external debt positions of eight developing countries through 1990. Journal of Development Economics, 21(2), 283–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(86)90062-3

Dooley, M. P. (1986). Country-specific risk premiums, capital flight and net investment income payments in selected developing countries [Mimeo]. International Monetary Fund.

Dooley, M. P. (1987). Comment. In D. R. Lessard & J. Williamson (Eds.), Capital flight and Third World debt (pp. 79–81). Institute for International Economics.

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Published

1997-04-30

How to Cite

Claessens, S. (1997). Estimates of Capital Flight and Its Behavior. Economic Analysis Review, 12(1), 3–34. Retrieved from https://www.rae-ear.org/index.php/rae/article/view/134

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