Unravelling the Determinants of Banking Efficiency in Argentina: A Two-Stage Analysis of the Argentine Banking Sector

Facundo Eduardo Costa de Arguibel; Juan Antonio Dip; Gerardo Orlando Stvass

doi:10.4067/S0718-88702026000100111

Autores/as

Facundo Eduardo Costa de Arguibel Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Misiones, Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
Juan Antonio Dip Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Misiones, Argentina
Gerardo Orlando Stvass Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Misiones, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-88702026000100111

Palabras clave:

Diversificación de ingresos, Actividades no tradicionales, Bancos, Eficiencia, DEA doble Bootstrap, Argentina

Resumen

Este trabajo estudia la relación entre las actividades no tradicionales, la estructura de propiedad y la eficiencia de los bancos argentinos durante el período 2012-2019 utilizando el enfoque de Simar y Wilson (2007) de dos etapas. En la primera etapa se emplea el Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA) con Bootstrap para estimar la eficiencia técnica de los bancos, incorporando y excluyendo las actividades no tradicionales del producto bancario. En la segunda etapa se emplea una regresión truncada con Bootstrap para analizar el impacto de las actividades no tradicionales y el origen del capital en la eficiencia bancaria. Los resultados evidencian una relación positiva entre las actividades no tradicionales y la eficiencia bancaria, así como un desempeño superior de los bancos extranjeros respecto de sus pares locales en la diversificación de ingresos. Asimismo, se encuentra que los bancos públicos son menos eficientes que los privados. Estos hallazgos destacan el rol crítico de las actividades no tradicionales en la composición del producto bancario, debido a que su exclusión podría conducir a una subestimación de la eficiencia. En consecuencia, resulta esencial incorporar estas actividades en las evaluaciones de eficiencia. Los resultados son robustos ante cambios en la selección y especificación de las variables

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